Improve PBR quality: mip chains, anisotropic filtering, baseColorFactor
Root causes behind blurry/unphysical materials (4K pocket watch render mushy, glass fully opaque, watch hands unreadable): - Textures loaded via stbi had a single mip level: 4096x4096 albedo/MR maps sampled with no LOD -> minification aliasing turned fine detail (watch hands) into noise. Generate a full blit-based mip chain with per-level layout transitions. - samplerAnisotropy was never enabled on the device and every sampler was created with anisotropy disabled: grazing-angle surfaces (watch face, ground) collapsed into a blur. Enable the device feature and 16x anisotropic filtering on material texture samplers. - glTF baseColorFactor was ignored: the glass material (alphaMode BLEND, no baseColor texture, baseColorFactor.a = 0.3) fell back to the default white texture with alpha = 1 and rendered fully opaque. MaterialParams gains a baseColor vec4 (rgb tints albedo, a scales the blend alpha) threaded through both PBR shaders. - alphaMode MASK was treated as opaque: add a factors.w switch that performs an alpha cutout test in the opaque shader. - Fix material cache key dropping factors.z (separate-roughness switch); it now encodes the full factors and baseColor vectors.
This commit is contained in:
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ namespace Engine {
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// x = metallic 因子 y = roughness 因子
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// z = 独立粗糙度图开关（1 = 用 Roughness 槽 R 通道替换 MR.g）
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struct MaterialParams {
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// x = metallic 因子，y = roughness 因子，z = 独立粗糙度图开关，w = MASK 镂空开关
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glm::vec4 factors{0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
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// glTF baseColorFactor：rgb 乘进 albedo，a 作 BLEND 透明度
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glm::vec4 baseColor{1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f};
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};
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class Material {
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@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ public:
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bool IsSynchronization2Supported() const { return m_Synchronization2Supported; }
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// MDI：drawCount>1 的 drawIndexedIndirect(Count) 必需（core 特性位）
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bool IsMultiDrawIndirectSupported() const { return m_MultiDrawIndirectSupported; }
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// 各向异性过滤：纹理采样器清晰度（掠射角材质锐利度）的硬件开关
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bool IsSamplerAnisotropySupported() const { return m_SamplerAnisotropySupported; }
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float MaxSamplerAnisotropy() const { return m_MaxSamplerAnisotropy; }
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private:
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void CreateInstance();
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@@ -76,6 +79,8 @@ private:
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bool m_Synchronization2Supported = false;
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bool m_MultiDrawIndirectSupported = false;
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bool m_DrawIndirectCountSupported = false;
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bool m_SamplerAnisotropySupported = false;
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float m_MaxSamplerAnisotropy = 1.0f;
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std::vector<const char*> m_ValidationLayers = { "VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation" };
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std::vector<const char*> m_DeviceExtensions = { VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME };
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@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ namespace Engine {
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Texture(Device& device, MemoryAllocator& allocator, ProceduralTag,
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const std::array<u8, 4>& rgba, bool srgb);
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// 公共路径：staging → device local image → view/sampler（RGBA8 单 mip）
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// 公共路径：staging → device local image → blit 生成完整 mip 链 →
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// view/sampler（RGBA8，各向异性过滤）
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void InitFromPixels(const void* pixels, u32 width, u32 height, bool srgb);
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// DDS 路径：压缩数据直传（BC 硬件采样解码）+ 文件自带 mip 链
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@@ -55,7 +55,13 @@ namespace Engine
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key += '\n';
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}
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key += "f:" + std::to_string(params.factors.x) +
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"," + std::to_string(params.factors.y);
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"," + std::to_string(params.factors.y) +
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"," + std::to_string(params.factors.z) +
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"," + std::to_string(params.factors.w) +
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",c:" + std::to_string(params.baseColor.x) +
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"," + std::to_string(params.baseColor.y) +
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"," + std::to_string(params.baseColor.z) +
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"," + std::to_string(params.baseColor.w);
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key += transparent ? ":t" : ":o"; // 透明语义入键（描述符相同但队列不同）
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return key;
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}
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@@ -695,12 +695,27 @@ ParsedMesh Model::ProcessMesh(const aiMesh* mesh, const aiScene* scene,
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params.factors = glm::vec4(static_cast<f32>(metallic),
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static_cast<f32>(roughness), 0.0f, 0.0f);
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// glTF alphaMode：BLEND = 半透明（透明绘制队列 + 深度只测不写）。
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// MASK（alpha cutout）暂按不透明——需要 alpha test，后续演进。
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// baseColorFactor：rgb 调色进 albedo；a 是 BLEND 材质的透明度
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//（玻璃等无 baseColor 贴图、纯靠 factor alpha 的材质全靠它，
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// 缺了会退化成兜底白纹理的 a=1 = 完全不透）
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aiColor4D baseColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
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if (material->Get(AI_MATKEY_BASE_COLOR, baseColor) == AI_SUCCESS) {
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params.baseColor = glm::vec4(baseColor.r, baseColor.g,
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baseColor.b, baseColor.a);
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}
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// glTF alphaMode：
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// BLEND = 半透明（透明绘制队列 + 深度只测不写）
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// MASK = 镂空（factors.w=1 → shader 侧 alpha test 丢弃，
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// 表针/栅栏等硬边贴图常见）仍走不透明队列
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// OBJ/FBX 无此键 → 恒不透明（资产格式定义写死）
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aiString alphaMode;
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if (material->Get(AI_MATKEY_GLTF_ALPHAMODE, alphaMode) == AI_SUCCESS) {
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out.transparent = (alphaMode == aiString("BLEND"));
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if (alphaMode == aiString("BLEND")) {
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out.transparent = true;
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} else if (alphaMode == aiString("MASK")) {
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params.factors.w = 1.0f;
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}
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}
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} else {
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// FBX/OBJ 独立贴图工作流
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@@ -166,6 +166,10 @@ void Device::PickPhysicalDevice()
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m_DynamicRenderingSupported = features13.dynamicRendering;
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m_Synchronization2Supported = features13.synchronization2;
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// 各向异性过滤（core 特性位；桌面 GPU 普遍支持，不支持则采样器保持关闭）
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m_SamplerAnisotropySupported = features2.features.samplerAnisotropy == VK_TRUE;
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m_MaxSamplerAnisotropy = props.limits.maxSamplerAnisotropy;
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// core 特性：MDI（drawCount>1）必需
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m_MultiDrawIndirectSupported = features2.features.multiDrawIndirect == VK_TRUE;
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// 1.2 特性：drawIndexedIndirectCount 必需（VUID-04445）
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@@ -255,6 +259,8 @@ void Device::CreateLogicalDevice()
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vk::PhysicalDeviceFeatures features;
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// MDI：按材质分组的 drawIndexedIndirectCount，drawCount>1 必需
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features.setMultiDrawIndirect(m_MultiDrawIndirectSupported ? VK_TRUE : VK_FALSE);
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// 纹理各向异性过滤（材质掠射角清晰度）
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features.setSamplerAnisotropy(m_SamplerAnisotropySupported ? VK_TRUE : VK_FALSE);
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// ========================================================
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// 启用 1.4 特性链
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@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <cctype>
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#include <cmath>
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#include <cstring>
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#include "Engine/Core/Stats.h"
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@@ -76,7 +77,10 @@ namespace Engine
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m_Width = width;
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m_Height = height;
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m_Format = srgb ? vk::Format::eR8G8B8A8Srgb : vk::Format::eR8G8B8A8Unorm;
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m_MipLevels = 1;
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// 完整 mip 链：远处/掠射角采样落到低分辨率层（模糊 + 抗闪烁）。
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// 没有它，4K 贴图在小 UV 区域（如表针）采到的是原始分辨率单层
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m_MipLevels = 1 + static_cast<u32>(
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std::floor(std::log2(std::max(std::max(width, height), 1u))));
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vk::DeviceSize imageSize = static_cast<vk::DeviceSize>(width) *
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static_cast<vk::DeviceSize>(height) * 4; // RGBA8
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@@ -95,11 +99,13 @@ namespace Engine
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imageInfo.setImageType(vk::ImageType::e2D)
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.setFormat(m_Format)
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.setExtent({m_Width, m_Height, 1})
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.setMipLevels(1)
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.setMipLevels(m_MipLevels)
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.setArrayLayers(1)
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.setSamples(vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1)
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.setTiling(vk::ImageTiling::eOptimal)
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.setUsage(vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eTransferDst | vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eSampled)
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.setUsage(vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eTransferDst |
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vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eTransferSrc |
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vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eSampled)
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.setSharingMode(vk::SharingMode::eExclusive)
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.setInitialLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eUndefined);
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@@ -120,14 +126,17 @@ namespace Engine
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m_View = m_Device.GetDevice().createImageView(viewInfo);
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// 5.5 创建 Sampler
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// 5.5 创建 Sampler（各向异性过滤 = 掠射角材质锐利度关键，如地面/表盘）
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const bool af = m_Device.IsSamplerAnisotropySupported();
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vk::SamplerCreateInfo samplerInfo;
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samplerInfo.setMagFilter(vk::Filter::eLinear)
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.setMinFilter(vk::Filter::eLinear)
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.setAddressModeU(vk::SamplerAddressMode::eRepeat)
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.setAddressModeV(vk::SamplerAddressMode::eRepeat)
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.setAddressModeW(vk::SamplerAddressMode::eRepeat)
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.setAnisotropyEnable(VK_FALSE)
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.setAnisotropyEnable(af ? VK_TRUE : VK_FALSE)
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.setMaxAnisotropy(af ? std::min(16.0f, m_Device.MaxSamplerAnisotropy())
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: 1.0f)
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.setBorderColor(vk::BorderColor::eIntOpaqueBlack)
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.setUnnormalizedCoordinates(VK_FALSE)
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.setCompareEnable(VK_FALSE)
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@@ -182,7 +191,53 @@ namespace Engine
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cmd.copyBufferToImage(stagingAlloc.Buffer, m_Image,
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vk::ImageLayout::eTransferDstOptimal, region);
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// 6.3 布局：TRANSFER_DST → SHADER_READ_ONLY
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// 6.3 blit 生成 mip 链：逐级半分辨率缩小（硬件线性滤波）。
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// 每级先把上一 mip 转 TRANSFER_SRC（等拷贝/上次 blit 写完），
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// blit 出当前 mip，再把上一 mip 转着色器只读；末级单独收尾
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i32 mipW = static_cast<i32>(m_Width);
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i32 mipH = static_cast<i32>(m_Height);
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for (u32 mip = 1; mip < m_MipLevels; ++mip) {
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vk::ImageMemoryBarrier2 toSrc;
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toSrc.setSrcStageMask(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits2::eTransfer)
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.setSrcAccessMask(vk::AccessFlagBits2::eTransferWrite)
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.setDstStageMask(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits2::eTransfer)
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.setDstAccessMask(vk::AccessFlagBits2::eTransferRead)
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.setOldLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eTransferDstOptimal)
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.setNewLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal)
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.setImage(m_Image)
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.setSubresourceRange({vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor,
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mip - 1, 1, 0, 1});
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cmd.pipelineBarrier2(vk::DependencyInfo{}.setImageMemoryBarriers(toSrc));
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vk::ImageBlit blit;
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blit.setSrcOffsets({vk::Offset3D{0, 0, 0}, vk::Offset3D{mipW, mipH, 1}});
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blit.setSrcSubresource({vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor, mip - 1, 0, 1});
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blit.setDstOffsets({vk::Offset3D{0, 0, 0},
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vk::Offset3D{mipW > 1 ? mipW / 2 : 1,
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mipH > 1 ? mipH / 2 : 1, 1}});
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blit.setDstSubresource({vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor, mip, 0, 1});
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cmd.blitImage(m_Image, vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal,
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m_Image, vk::ImageLayout::eTransferDstOptimal,
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blit, vk::Filter::eLinear);
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// 上一级已消费完毕 → 直接转着色器只读
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vk::ImageMemoryBarrier2 toRead;
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toRead.setSrcStageMask(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits2::eTransfer)
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.setSrcAccessMask(vk::AccessFlagBits2::eTransferRead)
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.setDstStageMask(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits2::eFragmentShader)
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.setDstAccessMask(vk::AccessFlagBits2::eShaderRead)
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.setOldLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal)
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.setNewLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eShaderReadOnlyOptimal)
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.setImage(m_Image)
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.setSubresourceRange({vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor,
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mip - 1, 1, 0, 1});
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cmd.pipelineBarrier2(vk::DependencyInfo{}.setImageMemoryBarriers(toRead));
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if (mipW > 1) mipW /= 2;
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if (mipH > 1) mipH /= 2;
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}
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// 末级 mip 收尾（blit 目标；单 mip 时即 mip0）→ SHADER_READ_ONLY
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vk::ImageMemoryBarrier2 toShader;
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toShader.setSrcStageMask(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits2::eTransfer)
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.setSrcAccessMask(vk::AccessFlagBits2::eTransferWrite)
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@@ -191,7 +246,8 @@ namespace Engine
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.setOldLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eTransferDstOptimal)
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.setNewLayout(vk::ImageLayout::eShaderReadOnlyOptimal)
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.setImage(m_Image)
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.setSubresourceRange({vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor, 0, 1, 0, 1});
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.setSubresourceRange({vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor,
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m_MipLevels - 1, 1, 0, 1});
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vk::DependencyInfo dep2;
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dep2.setImageMemoryBarriers(toShader);
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@@ -330,7 +386,11 @@ namespace Engine
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.setAddressModeU(vk::SamplerAddressMode::eRepeat)
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.setAddressModeV(vk::SamplerAddressMode::eRepeat)
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.setAddressModeW(vk::SamplerAddressMode::eRepeat)
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.setAnisotropyEnable(VK_FALSE)
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.setAnisotropyEnable(m_Device.IsSamplerAnisotropySupported()
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? VK_TRUE : VK_FALSE)
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.setMaxAnisotropy(m_Device.IsSamplerAnisotropySupported()
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? std::min(16.0f, m_Device.MaxSamplerAnisotropy())
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: 1.0f)
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.setBorderColor(vk::BorderColor::eIntOpaqueBlack)
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.setUnnormalizedCoordinates(VK_FALSE)
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.setCompareEnable(VK_FALSE)
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