feat: DDS 纹理加载器（BC 压缩直传 + mip 链，参考 Horizon 实现）
- Assets::Dds 解析器：中性 DdsFormat 枚举（Assets 层禁 Vulkan 头铁律）， 支持 legacy fourcc（DXT1/3/5/ATI1/2）+ DX10 头（BC1..BC7/RGBA8/BGRA8） + 未压缩 32bpp + 2D mip 链；数据不解码，直接上传由硬件采样解码 - Texture：按扩展名分发（.dds → InitFromDds）；渲染侧负责格式映射与 sRGB 语义（颜色图走 SRGB 变体，BC4/5/6H 数据图保持线性）；view/sampler 覆盖完整 mip 链；逐 mip copyBufferToImage（紧凑排布） - Model::GetOrLoadTexture：FBX/DCC 路径反斜杠归一化（否则 Linux 全挂） - DescriptorManager 池 1000 → 4096（SunTemple 1056 材质集打爆过； 材质去重属材质系统任务） - main.cpp 临时挂 SunTemple 场景验证：48 张 DDS 全部加载（2048²、12 mips）， 1056 mesh 渲染正常，validation 零警告
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//
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// Created by atdunbg on 2026/9/23.
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//
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#include <Engine/Assets/DdsLoader.h>
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#include <Engine/Core/Log.h>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <cstring>
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#include <fstream>
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namespace Engine::Assets::Dds
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{
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namespace
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{
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constexpr u32 kMagic = 0x20534444; // "DDS "
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// 头部偏移（dwSpfFourCC @ 84）
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constexpr size_t kOffsetHeight = 12;
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constexpr size_t kOffsetWidth = 16;
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constexpr size_t kOffsetMips = 28;
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constexpr size_t kOffsetFourCC = 84;
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constexpr size_t kHeaderSize = 128;
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constexpr size_t kDx10Size = 20;
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u32 ReadU32(const u8* p) { return *reinterpret_cast<const u32*>(p); }
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// legacy fourcc → 中性格式
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bool MapFourCC(u32 fourcc, DdsFormat& out)
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{
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switch (fourcc) {
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case 0x31545844: out = DdsFormat::BC1; return true; // "DXT1"
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case 0x33545844: out = DdsFormat::BC2; return true; // "DXT3"
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case 0x35545844: out = DdsFormat::BC3; return true; // "DXT5"
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case 0x31495441: out = DdsFormat::BC4; return true; // "ATI1"
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case 0x55344342: out = DdsFormat::BC4; return true; // "BC4U"
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case 0x32495441: out = DdsFormat::BC5; return true; // "ATI2"
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case 0x55354342: out = DdsFormat::BC5; return true; // "BC5U"
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default: return false;
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}
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}
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// DX10 DXGI 值 → 中性格式
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bool MapDxgi(u32 dxgi, DdsFormat& out)
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{
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switch (dxgi) {
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case 70: case 71: out = DdsFormat::BC1; return true; // BC1
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case 73: case 74: out = DdsFormat::BC2; return true; // BC2
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case 77: case 78: out = DdsFormat::BC3; return true; // BC3
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case 79: case 80: out = DdsFormat::BC4; return true; // BC4
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case 82: case 83: out = DdsFormat::BC5; return true; // BC5
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case 94: case 95: out = DdsFormat::BC6H; return true; // BC6H
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case 97: case 98: out = DdsFormat::BC7; return true; // BC7
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case 28: case 29: out = DdsFormat::RGBA8; return true; // R8G8B8A8
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case 87: case 91: out = DdsFormat::BGRA8; return true; // B8G8R8A8（近似）
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default: return false;
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}
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}
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u32 BytesPerBlock(DdsFormat format)
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{
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switch (format) {
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case DdsFormat::BC1:
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case DdsFormat::BC4:
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return 8;
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case DdsFormat::BC2:
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case DdsFormat::BC3:
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case DdsFormat::BC5:
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case DdsFormat::BC6H:
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case DdsFormat::BC7:
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return 16;
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default:
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return 4; // RGBA8/BGRA8 系
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}
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}
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bool IsBlockCompressed(DdsFormat format)
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{
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return format != DdsFormat::RGBA8 && format != DdsFormat::BGRA8;
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}
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}
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bool Load(const std::string& path, DdsData& out, std::string& errMsg)
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{
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std::ifstream f(path, std::ios::binary);
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if (!f) {
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errMsg = "无法打开文件";
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return false;
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}
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u8 header[kHeaderSize];
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f.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(header), kHeaderSize);
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if (!f || ReadU32(header) != kMagic) {
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errMsg = "DDS 魔数不符";
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return false;
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}
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out.Width = ReadU32(header + kOffsetWidth);
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out.Height = ReadU32(header + kOffsetHeight);
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const u32 mips = ReadU32(header + kOffsetMips);
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out.MipLevels = mips ? mips : 1;
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const u32 fourcc = ReadU32(header + kOffsetFourCC);
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size_t dataOffset = kHeaderSize;
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if (fourcc == 0x30313044) { // "DX10"
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u8 dx10[kDx10Size];
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f.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(dx10), kDx10Size);
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if (!f) {
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errMsg = "DX10 头不完整";
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return false;
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}
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const u32 dxgi = ReadU32(dx10);
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if (!MapDxgi(dxgi, out.Format)) {
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errMsg = "DX10 DXGI 格式不支持";
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return false;
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}
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dataOffset += kDx10Size;
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} else if (!MapFourCC(fourcc, out.Format)) {
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// 未压缩路径：仅支持 32bpp RGBA（DDPF_ALPHAPIXELS(0x1) | DDPF_RGB(0x40)）
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const u32 ddspfFlags = ReadU32(header + 80);
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if (ddspfFlags & 0x41) {
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out.Format = DdsFormat::BGRA8; // 常见 32bpp DDS 是 B8G8R8A8 字节序
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ENGINE_WARN("DDS: 未压缩 32bpp 按 BGRA8 上传 '{}'", path);
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} else {
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errMsg = "fourcc 不支持";
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return false;
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}
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}
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out.BlockCompressed = IsBlockCompressed(out.Format);
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f.seekg(dataOffset);
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// 数据量校验 + 逐级读取（紧凑排布）
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const u32 bpb = BytesPerBlock(out.Format);
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const u32 cols = out.BlockCompressed ? 4 : 1;
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out.Mips.resize(out.MipLevels);
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u32 w = out.Width, h = out.Height;
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for (u32 mip = 0; mip < out.MipLevels; ++mip) {
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const u32 blocksW = std::max(1u, (w + cols - 1) / cols);
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const u32 blocksH = std::max(1u, (h + cols - 1) / cols);
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const size_t bytes = size_t(blocksW) * blocksH * bpb;
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out.Mips[mip].resize(bytes);
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f.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(out.Mips[mip].data()),
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std::streamsize(bytes));
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if (!f) {
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errMsg = "mip 数据不完整";
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return false;
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}
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w = std::max(1u, w / 2);
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h = std::max(1u, h / 2);
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}
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return true;
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}
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u32 RowPitch(const DdsData& data, u32 mipLevel)
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{
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u32 w = data.Width;
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for (u32 m = 0; m < mipLevel; ++m) {
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w = std::max(1u, w / 2);
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}
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const u32 bpb = BytesPerBlock(data.Format);
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if (data.BlockCompressed) {
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return std::max(1u, (w + 3) / 4) * bpb;
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}
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return w * bpb;
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}
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} // namespace Engine::Assets::Dds
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